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Press release #Connected mobility
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Urban mobility worldwide

Bosch urban mobility worldwide

Driving bans in Europe, lottery in Asia, three-wheelers in India

  • By 2050, at least 70 percent of the global population will be living in cities
  • The rural population will shrink to 2.8 billion people by 2050
  • By 2030, the world will have 41 megacitie
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Europe: Cars should remain outside city limits

The cost of traffic jams: In 2025, traffic jams in major European cities will result in annual costs of some 208 billion euros. That figure could go even higher, as by 2050, more than 82 percent of Europeans will be living in cities.

Cycling first: Amsterdam residents travel two million kilometers by bicycle every day. That corresponds to 60 percent of all journeys in the downtown area. In Copenhagen, too, bicycles are a means of mass transport: there, 45 percent of the population cycles to work or university every day.

Entry restrictions: Emission stickers in Germany, congestion charges in London and Milan, driving bans on older vehicles in Paris – dozens of European metropolises are limiting vehicle traffic in their central zones.

North America: Traffic jams cost over 120 billion dollars

More cars than drivers: In 2003, for the first time, registered vehicles in the U.S. outnumbered people with a driver’s license.

The cost of traffic jams: In the U.S., drivers in the ten cities with the most traffic spend some 42 hours a year in traffic jams, losing 121 billion dollars in time and fuel.

Carpooling: To reduce the amount of traffic, the U.S. created the first carpool lanes in 1961. Today, the network covers some 5,000 kilometers. Also called high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes, carpool lanes can be used only if there are two, three, or more people in the car.

Japan: First the parking space, then the car

A snail’s pace: Cars in Tokyo drive at an average speed of 15 kilometers per hour. Although the city’s road network covers more than 22,000 kilometers and bicycles make up 14 percent of its traffic, Tokyo has only 11.6 kilometers of bike paths or lanes.

Parking problems: Japan has 61 million vehicles and far, far too few parking spaces. Cities such as Tokyo permit people to buy cars only if they can prove they have a place to park it.

Minicars: To get traffic under control, one idea called for a whole new class of vehicle: Kei cars. These cars are under 3.4 meters long and have an engine with less than 0.66 liters displacement.

China: The license plate lottery

Traffic congestion: At the end of 2015, there were a total of 279 million vehicles on China’s roads, of which 172 million were cars.

Rails: The Chinese government provides heavy subsidies for traveling by tram. In Beijing, these carry 10 million passengers a day, or 44 percent of all travelers.

Lottery: Every month, Shanghai grants just 9,000 new vehicle licenses. Depending on the district, license plates can cost up to 8,000 yuan, or more than 10,000 euros. Oftentimes they are even auctioned off to the highest bidder.

India: Heading for modern mobility on two or three wheels

Growth: Over 40 cities in India already have more than a million residents. With annual population growth of 15 million people, India has the world’s fastest growth rate.

Two-wheelers: There are some 125 million two-wheelers on India’s roads, representing 70 percent of all the country’s vehicles.

Pioneers: The city of Ahmedabad has succeeded in scaling back its motorized traffic by improving and investing in its transportation infrastructure. Today, 58 percent of journeys are made with public or non-motorized modes of transportation.

Latin America: Cable cars, not highways

Cable car (1): In the chaotic megacities of South America, the urban cable car boom shows no signs of weakening. Not only do (aerial) cable cars take up less space, but they also cost ten times less than a subway or highway.

Cable car (2): Mexico inaugurated its first urban cable car in 2016. The aerial gondolas replaced several thousand minibuses. Prior to Mexico’s initiative, Colombia, Bolivia, Brazil, and Venezuela had already implemented a “street in the air” concept.

Cable car (3): Ten kilometers – that’s the length of the world’s longest urban cable car, stretching from La Paz, the Bolivian capital, to the neighboring city of El Alto. This cuts up to an hour off passengers’ travel time and strikes a blow against pollution. There are plans to expand the cable-car network to 30 kilometers by 2019.

www.bosch-urban-mobility.com

Notes:

United Nations, World Urbanization Prospects - The 2014 Revision, New York, p. 7

Bundeszentrale für Politische Bildung, 2010, http://www.bpb.de/nachschlagen/zahlen-und-fakten/globalisierung/52705/verstaedterung

United Nations, World Urbanization Prospects - The 2014 Revision, New York, p. 14

INRIX Roadway Analytics, 2016, http://inrix.com/press-releases/48-milliarden-euro-so-viel-kosten-deutschlands-kritischste-verkehrsbrennpunkte-bis-2025/

United Nations, World Urbanization Prospects - The 2014 Revision, New York, p. 7

XEROX study “Urbane Mobilität für alle,” p. 20

Bosch Mobility Trend Report EU, p. 70

Zeitschrift Luxemburg, 2010, http://www.zeitschrift-luxemburg.de/united-states-of-automobiles-kultur-und-geschlecht-der-mobilitat/

XEROX study “Freie Fahrt für Ihre Stadt,” p. 2

U.S. Department of Transportation – Federal Highway Administration, 2010, https://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/freewaymgmt/faq.htm#faq7

Bretzke, W., 2014 Nachhaltige Logistik - Zukunftsfähige Netzwerk- und Prozessmodelle, p. 141

Tokyo Statistical Yearbook, 2009, http://www.toukei.metro.tokyo.jp/tnenkan/2009/tn09q3e004.htm and Passenger Transport Mode - Shares in World Cities, 2011, p. 69

Statista “Pkw-Bestand in Japan in den Jahren 1970 bis 2015,” https://de.statista.com/statistik/daten/studie/280869/umfrage/pkw-bestand-in-japan/

China Observer, 2016, http://www.china-observer.de/index.php/2016/01/27/279-millionen-kraftfahrzeuge-in-china/

Focus Online, 2015, http://www.focus.de/auto/automessen/shanghai-autoshow-2015-automarkt-china-der-grosse-auto-boom-in-china-ist-vorbei-wie-geht-es-weiter_id_4618601.html

Focus Online, 2015, http://www.focus.de/auto/automessen/shanghai-autoshow-2015-automarkt-china-der-grosse-auto-boom-in-china-ist-vorbei-wie-geht-es-weiter_id_4618601.html

Census of India 2011, Provisional Population Totals, 2011, http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/PPT_2.html

Holtbrügge/ Friedmann, Geschäftserfolg in Indien – Strategien für den vielfältigen Markt der Welt, p. 9

Bosch Press, 2016, http://www.bosch-presse.de/pressportal/de/en/there-are-millions-78976.html

MAN study “What Cities want,” p. 8

Mobility is the largest Bosch Group business sector. According to preliminary figures, it generated sales of 56.3 billion euros in 2023, and thus contributed almost 60 percent of total sales. This makes the Bosch Group one of the leading automotive suppliers. The Mobility business sector pursues a vision of mobility that is safe, sustainable, and exciting. For its customers, the outcome is integrated mobility solutions. The business sector’s main areas of activity are injection technology and powertrain peripherals for internal-combustion engines, diverse solutions for powertrain electrification, vehicle safety systems, driver-assistance and automated functions, technology for user-friendly infotainment as well as vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication, repair-shop concepts, and technology and services for the automotive aftermarket. Bosch is synonymous with important automotive innovations, such as electronic engine management, the ESP anti-skid system, and common-rail diesel technology.

The Bosch Group is a leading global supplier of technology and services. It employs roughly 428,000 associates worldwide (as of December 31, 2023). According to preliminary figures, the company generated sales of 91.6 billion euros in 2023. Its operations are divided into four business sectors: Mobility, Industrial Technology, Consumer Goods, and Energy and Building Technology. As a leading IoT provider, Bosch offers innovative solutions for smart homes, Industry 4.0, and connected mobility. Bosch is pursuing a vision of mobility that is sustainable, safe, and exciting. It uses its expertise in sensor technology, software, and services, as well as its own IoT cloud, to offer its customers connected, cross-domain solutions from a single source. The Bosch Group’s strategic objective is to facilitate connected living with products and solutions that either contain artificial intelligence (AI) or have been developed or manufactured with its help. Bosch improves quality of life worldwide with products and services that are innovative and spark enthusiasm. In short, Bosch creates technology that is “Invented for life.” The Bosch Group comprises Robert Bosch GmbH and its roughly 470 subsidiary and regional companies in over 60 countries. Including sales and service partners, Bosch’s global manufacturing, engineering, and sales network covers nearly every country in the world. The basis for the company’s future growth is its innovative strength. At 136 locations across the globe, Bosch employs some 90,000 associates in research and development, of which roughly 48,000 are software engineers.

Additional information is available online at www.bosch.com, www.iot.bosch.com, www.bosch-press.com.

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